Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, known for its sparse population, vast steppes, mountains, and the Gobi Desert. Its capital is Ulaanbaatar, and its official language is Mongolian. Mongolia is the historic homeland of the Mongol Empire, founded by Genghis Khan, and maintains a strong nomadic culture, where approximately 40% of the population still lives a traditional nomadic lifestyle.